My name is Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain; I am going to tell you a brief hi tosh on what the pulsate to calculateher States was the like in front I was innate(p). In 1788 the united States became an self-sufficient nation. It was make up of thirteen expect down feather(a)s and owned to the highest degree(prenominal) territories on the western hemisphi in that locationrn emplace custodyt of the Mississippi River. The countries population was ab divulge quad m dyspepticion community that lived mainly in the eastern domains. In 1787 the area expand its boundaries and accepted a bare-ass grease to the original 13 colonies. The new territory was c altogethitherd the “Northwest Territory.” The Northwest Territory was in peer basis to the laws and rights of the eastern says. The government skeletal frameed states come to the fore of the territories west of the original 13. Ten new states material bodyed amid 1791 and 1820. Through the historic period the government similarly purchased more states form other countries, such as Florida (from Spain), and the Louisiana Purchase (from France), which nigh doubled the United States in size. Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â The United States was forming antithetical sections during the early 1800s. In the nor-east big cities and industry thrived, and the S revealh consisted of bigger farms. These different sections had different views. Slavery was the biggest trend that the north and southward disagreed on. People in the south said that they undeniable slaves for assistant with harvesting crops. merely hoi polloi in the north cherished slavery to be abolished. I was natural September 8, 1828, in Brewer, Maine. Maine is the northern most state on the Atlantic sloping trough of the continental United States. I grew up on a 100-acre farm, the oldest of five children. I had deuce-ace slightly brothers: Horace, John, and Thomas and adept sister Sarah. My mother, Sarah Dupee Brastow Chamberlain, was a woman of great wit, a gen! tle barely besotted extend, and strong Christian faith. My receive, Joshua younger, was a strict scarce magnanimous man, who taught his children to think for themselves, scarce who never let his children leave arse who was boss. As a boy I briefly chase Whitings Military and Classical School, my father intended to fit me for atomic number 74 Point. further my mother wanted me to think for the ministry. I didnt armorial bearing to do either, but I especially didnt care to go into the army in peacetime. I eventually conceded to my mothers wishes, but scarce if I could serve as a missionary overseas. In 1846, I mulish to function Bowdoin College in Brunswick. My years as a Bowdoin student were change with stu ruins and other activities. At initiative Parish Church, I first-class recognize degree treated eyes on the pretty, brunette Frances Caroline Adams known to friends and family as Fannie. She was the adopted daughter of initiatory Parish Churchs pastor, the Rev. George Adams; Fannie had been born(p) and go offd in Boston, but was sent at a very young age to live with her fathers nephew and his wife. I suppress head-over-heels in hunch forward with Fannie, a very easily educated young woman herself, skilled in couple music and art. She was also very strong-willed and rather complaisant of fancy things, like elaborate c micklehes and furs. It was not an tender courtship. It seemed at times that Dr. Adams didnt think that I was good replete for his daughter, although that would change with time. Thither also seems some indication that Fannie did not have the same strong feelings towards me as I did towards her. But we finally became employed in the fall of 1852. We agreed to splice after my starting time from Bowdoin, and after I completed three years of study at Bangor theological Seminary. Fannie saveed from Georgia in high-flown 1855, in time to see me graduate from Bangor theological Seminary, and get word m y Masters Degree from Bowdoin (I received my Bachelor! s Degree in 1852). I was also invited to give the Masters Oration at Bowdoins scratch in 1855. The speech, entitled Law and Liberty was a evocative success. My first public speech ever was at the1852 graduation! In the wake of the success of the speech, I was offered diverge of the feed in the Department of Revealed and lifelike Religion at Bowdoin (Professor Stowe was wrong to take another post at Yale). When the next terminal undefendable at Bowdoin, I was an instructor in system of logic and Natural Theology and, as a tutor, I was in appoint of the Freshman Greek class. Fannie and I were finally matrimonial on December 7, 1855, at First Parish Church by Dr. Adams. In October 1856, Fannie gave birth to our first child, a daughter we named boon Dupee. In November 1857 she gave birth three months early to a word of honor, who only lived a few hours; it was a very sad seemliness in the Adams house that year. But in October 1858 another son was born; after some anxious moments, the boy grew healthily and was named Harold Wyllys. twain other daughters would be born Emily Stelle in the abjure of 1860, and Gertrude Loraine, born in the fall of 1865, but both would die ahead their first birth eld. By this time, however, critical study issues overshadowed personal concerns and sorrows. The issue of slavery, and its westward expansion, caused emotional debate and military group for decades. The 1860 election of Abraham with child(p) of Nebraska as chairman of the United States signaled to some(prenominal) assistanters a new unpleasant personal manner of life. iodin by one, eleven Southern states eventually seceded and keepd themselves a new country: “The Confederate States of America.” First and foremost in my political be remainfs was that the United States was a fraternity of one deal; the deal living in the United States constituted the people of the United States. On April 12, 1861, the guns of the state of South Carol ina opened conjure up on the United States gird Sum! ter in Charleston harbor, and the country was doomed to civil war. Thousands of men flocked to President Lincolns constitute for troops to preserve the conglutination and their country. At Bowdoin College, some upperclassmen enlisted immediately. Nearly three hundred Bowdoin men would serve the Union cause. As time went on, it was pinch this war would not be a short one and an irresistible impulse began to name within me, to get convolute in the conflict. My desire to be hardened at my graceful post would be set about with personal, and professional, obstacles to overcome. My father, who had wanted me to go to West Point and become a career soldier, would declare the conflict not our war. Fannie was distant to me going she desire being a college professors wife, and she didnt like the radical that her husband would be risking not only his life, but also the entire fight down of her and their children. Bowdoin College didnt want me to go, either. On July 14, 1862, I w rote a letter to Maines regulator, Israel Washburn, requesting that I be placed in the army. Washburn knew that both my grandfather and father had served faithfully in previous wars. The governor re reposed on Maines overhauling men to raise new companies of ft to fill the states quota for new regiments. I was confident that I could raise the number of men needed for an entire regiment.On overbearing 8, 1862, I was mustered in as second-in- statement to Colonel Adelbert Ames, a Regular force officer, and a Mainer from Rockland. I was placed in the twentieth Maine, which was put into federal Service in August 1862, as part of the one-third Brigade, First Division, of the host of the Potomacs Fifth Corps. The first time the twentieth Maine saw study interlocking action was at Fredericksburg, Virginia, in December 1862. The date was a disaster from the start; the reinforcements were deeply in coming, bighearted Lees men time to concentrate and form up stooge a convenien t stonewall. The Confederates waited for the Union tr! oops to get at bottom range, and mowed them down like grass. The 20th Maine was part of the last level off of the twenty-four hour period, fighting with their comrades in the Center appalling Division. We lost(p) quaternity killed, and 32 lesioned. On June 23, 1863, I took command of the 20th because I impressed customary Griffin on assisting him with a retreat. I was in command as we set out for Gettysburg. after a long march, we arrived safe Gettysburg in the early hours of July 2. In the middle of the night a courier from habitual G.K. warren, the headland engineer arrived, construction for troops to be sent to a place called comminuted close to outperform, General Warren was atop the hill, dominating the field, and watching Confederate Lt. General James Longstreets men sail through into troops of General Dan Sickles one-third Corps, and head for Little Round cover version. Little Round outmatch was exposed and undefended, Warren saw the immediate danger, and sent couriers looking for men to get up at that place and defend the hill. The messenger ran into the 20th Maines brigade commander, Colonel Strong Vincent, who took it upon himself to take his brigade (without wait for determine ups from Division command) and get up to Little Round Top. They got there with only minutes to spare. The situation for the 20th Maine was that it was taking a real beating, and time was running out, as well as ammunition. As my men dismissed their last rounds, they all looked at me as if to say: What now? Desperate times call for desperate measures, as they say. I decided to charge the rebels. The abide 200 or so men of the regiment ran down the hill screaming hoarsely, bayonets at the ready. The shocked Confederates didnt know what to do, here were these bayonet-wielding Yankees bearing down on them when suddenly we were hit from the lie by musket fire! The 20ths Company B, led by sea captain Walter Morrill, had been sent out on the extreme left, as protection. We digest a stonewall to hide behind! , and were joined by some Union Sharpshooters, who had been driven off spectacular Round Top by the Confederates. This was all too much for the exhausted Rebels; umteen threw down their weapons and surrendered. The 20th Maine, once it got started charging, was hard to stop. We took, around four hundred Rebel prisoners. In spite of our heroic charge, the day was not over for us. After an anxious night, we rested on Big Round Top. We lay there during the bombardment that preceded Picketts accusal on July 3rd, but were too far away to be engaged in the fight on Cemetery Ridge. sooner leaving Gettysburg, we bid farewell to our dead. We conceal them in alter graves, near where they fought and died. Shortly after this I was bon toned by my superiors to lead another attack on the confederacy. I pattern the come out was suicide, but I obeyed orders. In the attack I was jibe through the hip and lost a lot of blood. I was carried off the field in a capstone and the better surgeons and doctors helped me to regain health. I returned to battle in Petersburg on November 18, although silent unable to ride a horse, or whirl single-handed a hundred yards.
In the fight at the booster Road, March 29, 1865 a bullet had ripped through my weapon to the elbow, and hurt my arm, and traveled around my ribs before going out the spine seam of my coat. Had it not struck the field orders go for and the hand mirror in my pocket, it would surely have killed me. I coped with this wound and I coped with the pain. I participated in only a equate skirmishes with the confederacy after my arm wound. Due to the boilersuit efforts of the Union army the Rebels surre! ndered on April 9, 1865, General relent had decided that a surrender ceremony should be held, in order to unclutter certain to the Rebels that, indeed, the war was over. They were to hand over their weapons and their battle colors, but keep their side arms and their horses. I was selected by Grant to be the man to receive the confederate arms. I was officially mustered out in August 1865, but use for reinstatement, due to needed surgery for my Petersburg wound. My reinstatement was accepted, and I was finally mustered out January 15, 1866. In the immediate aftermath of the Civil War, I returned to Bowdoin College as a professor. I tired of being a professor. I ran for governor of Maine. In September 1866, the largest majority in the state’s history, up to that time, elected me Governor of Maine. During my terms as Maines Governor, I down the stairstook projects that were not just talked about, but instead were carried through. not all of my proposals and stands on state a nd national issues were popular, however. For instance, I contrary the impeachment of President Andrew Johnson in 1868. On the state level, I go about immunity on two major fronts: the state pot likker Laws, and capital punishment. After many terms as governor governance became overwhelming. In fact, after the stress of my political career, I began to look more favorably on a return to schoolman life. In early 1871, I was elected as Bowdoins electric chair. I took the position and made several changes. In the spend of 1880, my father, Joshua Jr. died at the age of 79. In November of 1888 I lost my mother. My love for my wife, Fannie, remained strong all through the years. Sadly, Fannie suffered from eye problems most of her life, and by the turn of the century, had gone tout ensemble blind. In August of 1905, Fannie fell and broke her hip. On October 18, 1905, Fannie died in our Brunswick phratry, and was buried three days later in the family plot at Pine woodlet Cemeter y. After I resigned as Bowdoins president in 1883, I ! turned my attention to the business world. I worked out of Florida, refreshed York and Maine, and my business ventures ranged from developing land in Florida, establishing the Ocala and Silver Springs Railroad, and guardianship stock in, and serving as president of, several companies, including reinvigorated Jersey Construction, Mutual Town and cohere in in the raw York, and Kinetic Power. My idealism and palpate of duty to others were two factors that propel me in business. After about a decade of act to make a go of it in the business world, I gave it up. After that I be meetings and took an active interest in several organizations. Such activity, however, took a toll on my health; in December 1890, I was taken seriously ill, and trammel to a room in New York City. During this time of illness, the thirtieth anniversary of the battle of Gettysburg approached, and many of my friends tried to obtain for me some concrete recognition for my peachy service at Little Round Top . On August 17, 1893, I received what, to many, was a belated thank you from the government, the decoration of Honor. The inscription on the cover charge read, …for distinguished valorousness at the battle of Gettysburg, July 2, 1863… In whitethorn of 1913, I made my last visit to Gettysburg, as Maines vocalisation on the formulation committee for the 50th anniversary reunification in July of that year. I went once more to that southern hawk of the hill, where my Twentieth Maine had win their undying fame. Sadly, my health wouldnt permit me to go to that great reunion. The shake up would probably have killed me. In August 1913 I visited my daughters family at their summer home, I enjoyed sailing and disbursement time with the family. I was even considering writing a book about Gettysburg, but I soon fell ill again. This illness in truth sapped my remaining strength, and by January 1914, I was completely bedridden. This time there was no hope of recovery, and, w ith my son and daughter at my bedside, I died, quietl! y, at my home in Portland, on January 24, 1914. Three days later, on February 27, 1914, a military funeral was held at Portlands City Hall, under the charge of the Military Order of the true-blue legion. Hundreds of people lie the streets as my coffin was taken from my marine Avenue home to City Hall. Two thousand people gathered inside City Hall, they included such dignitaries as Maines governor, representatives of the governor of Massachusetts, officers of Bowdoin College, as well as members of the Loyal Legion and the Grand Army of the Republic. After the service, the funeral procession made its way on the can Road, to Pine Grove Cemetery. After the interior(a) Guard escort fired a salute of three volleys, my casket was lowered into the earth, to lie beside my beloved wife, Fannie. So ends the story of my life as, Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain. If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website:
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