Conflicts of Law Course Outline

2011 CONFLICT OF LAWS COURSE OUTLINE AND teaching MATERIALS Books Morris, The Conflict of polices (3 ed. ) 1984 Cheshire and North, Private internationalistic honor (11 ed. ) 1987 Collier, Conflict of Laws (1988) Reference Dicey and Morris, Conflict of Laws (11 ed. ) 1987 shellbook Morris and North, Cases and Materials on Private disguisenational Law (1984) Other works Anton, Private International Law (of Scotland) 1967. Cook, Logical and judicial Bases of the Conflict of Laws (1942) Graveson, The Conflict of Laws (7 ed. ) 1974 Wolff, Private International Law (2 ed. ) 1950. INTRODUCTION 1.Nature and Scope of the Subject Morris Ch. 1 (and 34), Cheshire Ch. 1 Collier, Ch. 1, 2, 21, 22 Anton Ch. 2. Mehrunnissa v Parves (1981) KLR 547 2. Reasons for the basis of the Conflict of Laws Theories Territoriality, Vested Rights, Comity, Local Law see Davies (1937) 18 BYIL 49. woodlouse v Mexican National Rly 194 US 120, 126 (1904) Loucks v Standard anele Co. of NY. 224 N. Y. 99 (1918) . JURISDICTION 1. previous Issues Patel v Singh (No 2) (1987) KLR 585 2. Common Law Position Morris Ch. 6 Cheshire, Chs. 10,11 Collier Ch. 6 Dicey, Ch. 11. (a)Presence, Submission, Effectiveness Colt Industries v Sarlie (No. ) (1966) 1 W. L. R. 440 Maharanee of Baroda v Wildenstein (1972) 2 Q. B. 282 Re Dulles (1951) Ch. 842 Manta Line v Sofianites (1984) 1 L1. R. 14. matrimony lingo of M. E. v Clapham (1981) Times, 20 July. Obikoya v Silvernorth (1983) Times 6 July The Messianiki Tolmi (1984) 1L1. R. 266 Williams & Glyns v Astro Dinamico (1984) 1 all(a) E. R. 760. Kanti v South British Ins. Co. Ltd. (1981) K. L. R. 1 (b)Limitations Cheshire Ch. 13 British South Africa Co v Companhia de Mocambique (1893) A. C 602 Mackinnon v Donaldson Lufkin and Jenrette Securities Corpn. (1986) 1 every E.R. 563 Ministry of Defence of the Govt of UK v Ndegwa (1983) K. L. R 68 (c)Staying of Actions Morris, Ch. 8 Cheshire Ch. 12 Collier Ch. 7 Dicey Ch. 13. (i) commonplace St. Pierre v South Americ an Stores (1936)1 K. B. 382, at 398 Logan v confide of Scotland (No. 2) (1906) 1 K. B. 141 Egbert v Short (1907) 2 Ch 205 Re Nortons Settlement (1908) 1 Ch. 471. Maharanee of Baroda v Wildenstein (1972) 2 . Q. B. 283 The Atlantic Star (1974) A. C. 436 McShannon v Rockware Glass (1978) A. C. 795 The Wladslaw Lokictek (1978) 2 L1. R. 520. The Wellamo (1980) 2 L1. R. 229.European Asian bank building v Punjab & Sind Bank (1981) 2 L1. R. 65. Coupland v Arabian Gulf petroleum (1983) 2 All E. R. 436 (1983) 1 W. L. R. 1136 The Abidin Daver (1984) A. C. 398 The Jalakrishna (1983) 2 L1. R. 628. The Traugutt (1985) 1 L1. R. 76 The Forum Craftsmen (1985) 1 L1. R. 291. Spiliada v Cautonomic nervous systemulex (1987) A. C. 460. E. I. Pont de Nemours v Agnew (1987) 2 L1. R. 585 De Dampierre v de Dampierre (1988) A. C. 92. naval Sun v Fay (1988) 29 A. L. R. 9. The Francois Vieljeux (1982-88) 1 KAR 398, (1984) K. L. R.. 1 building blocked India amends Company and Kenindia damages Companyv E.A Underwriter &Anor (1982-88) 1 KAR 639, ((1985) K. L. R 898 (ii)Lis Alibi Pendens St . Pierre v South American Stores (above) McHenry v Lewis (1882) 22 Ch. D. 397 Cohen v Rothfield (1919) 1 K. B. 410 Ionian Bank v Coouvreur (1969) 1 W. L. R. 781 The Christianborg (1885) 10 P. D. 141 The Atlantic Star (1974) A. C. 436. Bushby v Munday (1821) 5 Madd. 297 Orr-Lewis v O-L (1949) P. 347 Sealy (orse. Callan) v Callan (1953) P. 135. The Tyllie Lykes (1977) 1 L1. R. 436 Castanho v Brown & Root (1981) A. C. 557 The Abidin Daver (1984) A. C. 398 Metall und Rohstoff v ACLI Metals (1984) 1 L1.R. 598 Societe N. I. Aerospitiale v leeward Kui Jak (1987) A. C. 871 South Carolina v Ass. de Zeven Provincien (1987) A. C. 24 Meadows Insurance v Ins. Corp. of Ireland (1989) 2 L1. R. 298 Pont de Nemours v Agnew (1988) 2 L1. R. 240 A-G v Arthur Anderson (1988) Independent 31 March (iii)Submission to Foreign arbitrement or Foreign Court Arbitration Act (Act N0. 4 of 1995)) Law v Garret (1878) 8 Ch. D. 26 T he Fehmarn (1958) 1 W. L. R. 159 Mackender v Feldia (1967) 2 Q. B. 590 The Eleftheria (1970) P. 94 Evans marshal v Bertola (1973) 1 W. L. R. 349.The Vishva Prabha (1979) 2 L. 1. rep. 286. Carvalho v Hull Blyth (1979) 1 W. L. R. 1228. The El Amria (1980) 1 L1. R. 39 The Kislovodsk (1980) 1 L1. R. 183 Trendex v Credit Suisse (1982) A. C. 679 The Biskra (1983) 2 L1. R. 59 The Hollandia (1983) A. C. 565 The Benarty (1985) Q. B. 325. The Atlantic Song (1983) 2 L1. R. 394. Kisumuwaalla Oil Industries and PanAsiatic Commodities Pte Ltd v E. A. Storage Company Ltd polite Appeal No 100 of 1995 Naizsons (K) Ltd v China way and bridge over Corp (Kenya) (2001) 2 E. A. 502 Friendship Container Manufacturers Ltd. v Mitchell Cotts (K) Ltd (2001 2 E. A. 38 Tononoka Steels Ltd v The Eastern ans Souther Africa Development Bank 2 (2000) E. A. 536 Indigo E. P. Z. Ltd v. The P. T. A Bank (2002) 1K. L. R. 811 Raytheon zephyrcraft Credit Corpn & Anor v Air Al-Faray Ltd (2005) eKLR (iv)Proceedings abr oad Settlement Corpn. v Hochschild (1966) Ch. 10 Smith Kline & French v Bloch (1983) 1 W. L. R. 730 Societe Nationale Industrielle Aerospatiale v Lee Kui Jak (1987) 3 All. E. R. 510 British Airways v Laker Airways (1985) A. C. 58 Smith Kline & Bloch (No. 2) (1984) Times 14 Nov Midland Bank v Laker Airways (1986) 1 All E.R. 526. 3. Statutory Position Service out of the jurisdiction under Civil Procedure Rules only with leave of the court Order V Rule 21 a) General Principles The Hagen (1908) P. 189 GAF v Amchen (1975) 1 L1. R. 601 Amin Rasheed v Kuwait Insurance (1984) A. C. 50 Spiliada Maritime v Cansulex (1987) A. C. 460. Mackender v Feldia (1967) 2 Q. B. 590 Evans Marshall v Bertola (1973) 1 W. L. R. 349 Attock Cement v Romanian Bank (1989) 1 W. L. R. 1147 Matthews v Kuwait Bechtel (1959) 2 Q. B. 57. b) domicile Re Liddells ST (1936) Ch. 365. (Ord 11, rule 4) c) Injunction Rosler v Hilbery (1925) Ch. 250The Siskina (1979) A. C. 210(CJ and J Act 1982 s. 25 ). X v Y and Y body pol itic of Haiti v Duvalier (1990) Q. B. 202. d) Necessary or proper party dodgy v Murphy (1948) W. N. 130 Witted v Galbraith (1949) A. C. 326 The Brabo (1949) A. C. 326 Multinational Gas v M. G. Services (1983) 3 W. L. R. 492. Qatar Petroleum v Shell (1983) L1. R. 35. e) tackle Finnish Marine v Protective Ins. (1990) 2 W. L. R. 914 Hutton v Moffarij (1989) 1 W. L. R. 488 Entores v Miles Far East Corporation (1955) 2 Q. B. 327 Brinkibon v Stahag Stahl (1982) 2 A. C. 34 Islamic Arab Insurance v Saudi Egyptian (1987) 1 L.R. 315 National Mortgage Co of NZ v Gosselin (1922) 38 T. L. R. 382 cypher cases on proper law of contract, esp. Amin Rasheed v Kuwait Insurance (1984) A. C. 50 The Magnum (1988) 1 L1. R. 47 The Chapparal (1968) 2 L1. R. 158 Johnson v Taylor (1920) A. C. 144 f) Tort Handelskwerkerij be Bier v Mines de Potasse. (1978) Q. B. 708 Metall u Rohstoff v Donaldson Lufkin (1990) Q. B. 391. g) Land Agnew v guide (1884) 14 Q. B. D. 78 Kaye v Sutherland (1887) 20 Q. B. D. 147 Ta ssel v Hallen (1892) 1 Q. B. 321 Official Reciever v Stype (1983) 1 W. L. R. 214. (h)Trusts i)Administration of estates, put over (j)Enforcement of judgement and awards 4. Brussels Convention (a)Objectives comparison with common law Berisford v untested Hampshire (1990) 2 All E. R. 321 Arkwright v Bryanston (1990) 2 All E. R 335. Owusu v Jackson and Others Case C-128/01 Cheshire, Chs. 14, 16 Collier Ch. 9 Dicey, Chs. 11, 14. Part I. b) Interpretation (Reference to European Court arts 2, 3) LTU v Eurocontrol (1976) ECR 1561 Bavaria & Germania v Eurocontrol (1977) ECR 1517 Netherlands v Ruffer (1980) ECR 3807 Gourdain v Nadler (1979) ECR 733 Bertrand v Ott (1978) ECR 1431Somafer v Saar-Ferngas (1978) ECR 2183 Industrial Diamond Supplies v Riva (1977) ECR 2175 Duijnstee v Goderbauer (1983) ECR 3663 . Tessili v Dunlop (1976) ECR 1473. c) Sphere of application civil and mercantile matters (art. 1) LTU v Eurocontrol Bavaria and Germania v Eurocontrol Netherlands v Ruffer. Exceptions De cavel v De C. (No. 1) (1979) ECR 105 (No. 2) (1980) ECR 731 W v H (1982) ECR 1189 see in addition The Deichland (1990) Q. B. 361. d) Jurisdiction (Arts 2-23) i) General rule domicile of defendant (art 2) definition (arts 2-3 The Deichland (1989) 3 W. L. R. 478 i) Special (concurrent) jurisdiction (Arts. 5-6) oddly 1. wad place of performance of obligation Effer v Kantner (1982) ECR 825 De Bloos v Bouyer (1976) ECR 1473 Ivenel v Schwab (1982) ECR 1891 Zelger v Salinitri (1980) ECR 89 Martin Peters v Zuid Nederlandsche (1983) ECR 987 Shenavai v Kreischer (1987) 3 C. M. L. R. 782 Tesam v Shuh Mode (1989) Times 24 October Medway v Meurer (1990) Times 7 whitethorn 2. Tort where the harmful event occurred Netherlands v Ruffer (1980) ECR 3807 at 3833 Kalfelis v Schroder (1988) Times 5 October Bier v Mines de Potasse (1976) ECR 1735, (1978) Q. B. 708.subgenus Pastor Investments v Hyundai (1988) 2 L1. R. 621 3. Branch, agency etc Somafer v Sarr-Ferngas (1978) ECR 2183 De Bloos v Bouyer B lanckaert & Willems v Trost (1981) ECR 819 Sar Schotte v Parfums Rothschild (1988) Times12 January. 4. Insurance (arts. 7-12) Consumer Contracts (arts. 13-15) Bertrand v Ott (1978) ECR 1431. iii) Exclusive jurisdiction (art 16) especially 1. Immovables Sanders v Van der Putte (1977) ECR 2383 Roessler v Rottwinkel (1985) CMLR. 806 Scherrens v Maenhout (1988) Times 5 September. 2. Companies or Legal Persons 3. Enforcement of judgment iv) Submission v) Contractual agreement (art 17).Elefanten Schuh v Jacqmain (1981) 1671. Meeth v Glacetal (1978) ECR 2133 Salotti v Ruwa (1976) ECR 1831 Segoura v Bonakdarian, 1976 ECR 1851 Iveco Fiat v Van Hool (1988) 1 CMLR. 5757 Anterist v Credit Lyonnais (1987) 1 CMLR 333. National Law Sanicentral v Collin (1979) ECR 3423 Ms Tilly Russ v Haven (1985) 3 W. L. R. 179 Other submission (art. 18) Elefanten Schuh v Jacqmain Rohr v Ossberger (1981) ECR 2431 W v H (1982) ECR 1189 Gerling v Tesoro (1983) ECR 2503 Berghoefer v A. S. A. (1986) 1 CMLR 13 The Sid ney Express (1988) 2 L1. R. 257. vi) Scrutiny of jurisdiction and admissibility (arts. 19-20) ii) Lis pendens associate action (arts. 21-23) The Nordglimt (198) Q. B. 183 The Linda (1988) 1 L1. R. 175 Gubisch Maschinenfabrik v Palumbo (1988) Times 12 January Kloeckner v Gatoil (1990) 1 L1. R. 177 Berisford v cutting Hampshire (1990) 2 All E. R. 335. viii) Provisional and protective measures (art. 24) CHOICE OF LAW 1. General Considerations Reading list Kahn-Freund, General Problems of Private International Law Leyden, 1976 and 1980, 89-101 Wolff, Private International Law, 2nd ed, 96ff. Forsyyth, Private Interational Law, (first edition) Juta & co, 1981, 5-7. (2nd edition, 1989, pages 4-8) a)The History of the choice of law rule Lipstein, Principles of the conflict of laws, National and International 1981, 1-46. Cheshire, op cit, chapter 2. Kahn-Freund, op cit, 97-101 Forsyth, 20-57. (b)Pleading Foreign Law The Evidence Act, section 60 A. G. of New Zealand v Ortiz (1984) A. C. 1 Vervaeke v Smith (1983) 1 A. C. one hundred forty-five (c) Renvoi Kahn-Freund, op cit, 285-291. Anton, 55ff Morris, 469-480 Cheshire, 57ff Forsyth, 68-78. Munro, The Magic Roundabout of Conflict of Laws 1978 Juridicial canvass 65 Hicks, The Lair Paradox in Legal Reasoning 1971 CLJ 275 at 284 and 289.In re Annesley Davidson v Annesley 1926 ch 692 In re Ross, Ross v Waterfield 1930 1 ch 377 Collier v Rivaz (1841) 2 Curt 855 Re awry(predicate) 1930 2 ch 259 Re OKeefe 1949 ch 124 Re Trufort (1887) 36 ch D 600 R v Brentwood Superintendent recording equipment of sexual unions, ex parte Arias 1968 2 QB 956 Amin Rasheed Shipping Corporation v Kuwait Insurance Co 1984 AC 50 (d)The incidental question Kahn- Freund, op cit, 291-294. Morris, op cit, 489-492. Cheshire, Private International Law, 53ff. Forsyth, op cit, 2nd ed, 78-81. Gotlieb, The incidental question revisited- theory and practise in the conflict of Laws (1977) 26 ICLQ 734.Schwebel v Ungar (1926) 42DLR (2d) 622 affd (1964) 48 DLR (2d) 644 Lawrence v Lawrence 1985 Fam 106 (e) Characterisation Kahn-Freund, op cit, 223-241 Cheshire, op cit, 43-52. Morris, op cit, 481-488 Falconbridge Conflicts Rule and Characterization of Question (1952) 30 Canadian Bar Review 103 and 264. Anton,op cit 43ff Forsyth, op cit. , 59-69 Forsyth, Extinctive Prescription and the Lex Fori (1982)99 SALJ 16 Forsyth, Characterization etc (1987) 104 SALJ 4 Bennett, Cumulation and Gap Are they general defects in the conflict of Laws? (1988) 105 SALJ 444 Ogden v Ogden 1908 p 46Huber v Steiner (1835) 2 Bing NC 202 Re Maldonado 1954 p 223 Re Cohn 1945 ch 5 In re State of Norways Application (No 2) 1989 1 ALL ER 701 (CA) and 745 (HL) (f)Domicile and Residence Morris, Ch. 2 Cheshire Ch. 9 Collier, Ch. 5 Dicey Ch. 7. Law of Domicil Act pennant 37 (i)Definition neigh v Hume (1858) 7 H. L. C. 124 Gatty v A-G. (1951) P. 144 Udny v Udny (1869) L. R. 1 Sc. & D. 441 Re Annesly (1926) Ch. 692. (ii)Domicile of Origin Udny v U. Urquhart v Butterfi eld (1887) 37 Ch. D. 357 Re McKenzie (1951) 51 S. R. N. S. W. 293 Henderson v H (1967) P. 77 Re Jones 192 Iowa 78 (1921). (iii)Domicile of ChoiceSchiratti v Schiratti (1978) K. L. R 128 White v Tennant 31 W, Va. 790 (1888) Re Fuld (No. 3) (1968) P. 675 Bell v Kennedy (1868) L. R. 1 Sc. Div. 307 Winans v A-G (1904) A. C. 287 Ramsey v Royal Liverpool Infirmary (1930) A. C. 588 Ross v Ross (1930) A. C. 1 Buswell v I. R. C. (1974) 1 W. L. R. 1631 I. R. C. v Bullock (1976) 1 W. L. R. 1178. Puttick v A. G. (1980) Fam. 1. Re Furse (1980) 3 All E. R. 838. Brown v B. (1982) 3 F. L. R. 212 Re Clore (1984) S. T. C. 609 Cramer v C (1987) 1 F. L. R. 116 IRC v Plummer (1988) 1 W. L. R. 292 Re Lloyd Evans (1947) Ch 695 Tee v Tee (1973) 3 All. E. R. 1105 iii) Special Cases 1.Naturalisation Wahl v A-G. (1932) 147 L. T. 382 Re Fuld. 2. Deportees Boldirini v B. (1932) P. 9 May v May (1943) 2 All E. R. 146 Szechter v S. (1971) P. 286 Zanelli v Z (1948) 64 T. L. R. 556 Cruh v C (1945) 2 All E. R. 545. 3. Fugitives and Refugees Re Martin (1900) P. 211 De Bonneval v D. B. (1838) 1 Curt. 856 Re Lloyd-Evans (1947) Ch. 695 May v M. 4. Invalids Hoskins v Matthews (1855) 8 D. M. & G. 13 Re James (1908) 98 L. T. 438. 5. Servicemen Sellars v S. 1942 S. C. 206 Donaldson v D. (1949) P. 363 Cruishanks v C. (1957) 1 All E. R. 889 Stone v S. (1958) 1 W. L. R. 1287. 6. Abandonment In b. Raffenel (1863) 3 S.W. & Tr. 49 Zannelli v Z. b (1968) 1 ALL E. R. 49 Tee v Tee (1974) 1 W. L. R. 213. (iv)Domicile of Dependancy (see 37 M. L. R. 179) 1. Married Women A-G. for Alberta v Cook (1926) A. C. 444 Re Scullard (1957) Ch. 107 Domicile and Matrimonnial Proceedings Act 1973, s. 1. Puttick v A-G (1980) Fam. 1. Oundian v O. (1980) Fam. L. R. 198. IRC v Portland (1982) Ch. 314. 2. Children Johnstone v Beattie (1843) 10 Cl. & F. 42 Harrison v H. (1953) 1 W. L. R. 865 Potinger v Wightman (1817) 3 Mer. 67 Re Beaumont (1893) 3 Ch. 490 Hope v H. (1968) N. Ir. 1 Shanks v S. 1965 S. L. T. 330 Domicile Act, 1973 ss. 3, 4. 3.Insane Persons Urquhart v Butterfield Crumptons Judicial compute v Finch-Noyes 1918 S. C. 378 Sharpe v Crispin (1860) L. R. 1 P. D. 611 (v)Residence 1. Habitual Residence Cruse v Chittum (1974) 2 All E. R. 940 24 I. C. L. Q. 1. Kapur v K. (1984) F. L. R. 920. 2. Ordinary Residence Levene v I. R. C. (1928) A. C. 217 Hopkins v H. (1951) P. 116 Stransky v S. (1954) P. 248 Lewis v L. (1956) 1 W. L. R. 200. Re P (GE) (An Infant) (1965) Ch. 568. R v Barnet L. B. C. ex. P. Nilish Shah (1983) 2 A. C. 309. (vi)Corporations 1. Status National Bank of Greece and Anthens v Metliss (1958) A. C. 509 Adams v National Bank of Greece S.A. (1961) A. C. 225. 2. Domicile and Residence Ridsdon Iron and Locomotive Works v Furness (1906) 1 K. B. 49 Cesena Sulphur Co. v Nicholson (1876) 1 Ex. D. 428 De Beers Consolidated v Howe (1906) A. C. 455 Egyptian Delta Land & Co. v Todd (1929) A. C. 1 Swedish Central Rly v Thompson (1925) A. C. 495 Unit Construction Co. v Bullock (1960) A. C. 351 Gasqu e v I. R. C. (1940) 2 K. B. 80. Shah v Barnet London Borough Council (1983) 1 All. E. R. 226 Kapur v Kapur (1985) Fam Law. Rep. 22 2. Substantive Choice of Law Rules (a) trade union Bishop, Choice of Law of Impotence and Wilful Refusal, (1978) 41 MLR 512.Carter, subject matter to Remarry After Foreign Divorce, (1985) 101 LQR 496. Fentiman, The Validity of marriage and the strait-laced Law, (1985) CLJ 256. Hartley, Polygamy and well-disposed insurance, (1969) 32 MLR 155 The Policy Basis of the side Conflict of Laws of Marriage, (1972) 35 MLR 571. Jaffey, The substantial Validity of Marriage in the face Conflict of Laws, (1978) 41 MLR 38 The Incidental Question and electrical condenser to Remarry, (1985) 48 MLR 465. North, Development of Rules of Private International Law in the Field of Family Law, (1980) I Recueil des Cours 17. Poulter, Hyde v Hyde A Reappraisal (1976) 25 ICLQ 475.Smart, Interest Analysis, False Conflicts and the Essential Validity of Marriage, (1985) 14 Angl o-Amer L Rev 225. Stone, Some Aspects of Fundamental Rights in the English Conflict of Laws in Bridge et al (eds) Fundamental Rights (1973) London, Sweet & Maxwell, pp 232, 246-7 cowlacity for Polygamy Judicial Rectification of Legislative Error (1983) Fam Law 76. comport v Brook (1861) 9 HL Cas 193 De Reneville v de Reneville (1948) P 100 Cheni v Cheni (1965) P 85 Lawrence v Lawrence (1985) 2 All E. R. 733 Re Paine (1940) Ch 46 Sottomayer v De Barros (No 2) (1879) 5 PD 94 Ogden v Ogden (1908) P 46 Vervaeke v Smith (1981) 1 All ER 55Mohammed v Knott (1969) 1 QB 1 Pugh v Pugh (1951) P 482 Radwan v Radwan (No 2) (1972) 3 All ER 1026 R v Brentwood Marriage Registrar (1968) 3 All ER 279 Schwebel v Ungar (1964) 48 DLR (2d) 644 Breen v Breen (1964) P 144 Schezter v Schezter (1971) P 286 Way v Way (1950) P 71 Ponticelli v Ponticelli (1958) P 204 Berthiaume v Dastous (1930) A C 79 Starkowski v AG (1954) AC 155 Lodge v Lodge (1967) 107 soh Jo. 437 Tackzanowska v Tackzanowski (1957) P 301 (b)Matrimonial Causes Forsyth, Recognition of Extra-Judicial Divorces The Transnational Divoce, (1985) 34 ICLQ 398. Jaffey, Vervaeke v Smith, (1983) 32 ICLQ 500.Karsten, Recognition of Non-Judicial Divorces, (1980) 43 MLR 202. McClean, Recognition of Family Judgements in the Commonwealth (1983) London, Butterworths. North, The Private International Law of Matrimonial Causes in the British Isles and the Republic of Ireland (1977) Amsterdam, North-Holland Publishing Co. Stone, The Recognition in England of Talaq Divorces, (1985) 14 Anglo-Amer L Rev 363. Young, The Recognition of Extra-Judicial DIvorces, (1987) 7 LS 78. Schiratti v Schiratti (1978) K. L. R 128 Le Mesurier v Le Mesurier (1895) AC 517 Armitage v AG (1906) P 135 Indyka v Indyka (1969) 1AC 33 Re Meyer (1971) P 298Salvesen v Australian Propety Administrator (1927) AC 641 Re Edgertons Wills Trust (1956) Ch 593 Duke of Malborough v AG (1945) Ch 78 Cooper v Cooper (1888) 13 App Cas 88 Callwood v Callwood (1960) AC 659 Harvey v Farnie (1882) 8 App Cas 43 Travers v Holley (1953) P 246 Quazi v Quazi (1980) AC 794 Bater v Bater (1906) P 209 Kendall v Kendall (1971) 1 All ER 378 Merker v Merker (1963) P 283 Re Bankes (1902) 2 Ch 333 Re De Nichols (1900) 2 Ch 410 De Nichols v Curlier (1900) AC 21 (c) Contracts Cheshire, International Contracts (1948). Fletcher, Conflict of Law and European federation Law, Amsterdam, North-Holland Publishing Co, Chapter 5.Jaffey, Essential Validity of Contracts in the English Conflicts of Laws, (1974) 23 ICLQ 1 Offer and Acceptance and Related Questions in the English Conflict of Laws (1975) 24 ICLQ 603 The English Proper Law Doctrine and the EEC Convention, (1984) 33 ICLQ 531. Lasok and Stone, Conflict of Laws in the European residential district (1987) Abingdon, Professional Books, Chapter 9. Libling, Formation of International Contracts, (1979) 42 MLR 169. Mann, The Proper Law of the Contract, (1950) 3 ICLQ 60 and 597 Proper Law and Illegality in Private International Law (1973) 18 BYIL 97.Morris, The Proper Law of a Contract a Reply, (1950) 3 ILQ 197. North, Varying the Proper Law, in Multum non Multa, Festschrift for Kurt Lipstein (1980), Heidelberg, Muller, p 205. Pierce, Post-Formation Choice of Law in Contract, (1987) 50 MLR 176. Karachi Gas Ltd. v Issaq (1965) E. A. 42 Bonython v Commonwealth of Australia (1951) AC 201 Amin Rasheed Case (Supra) Campagnie DArmement Maritime SA v Cie Tunisienne de Navigation SA (1971) AC 572 Broken Hill Pty Co Ltd v Xenakis (1982) 2 Ll Rep 304 Royal Exchange Assurance Corp v Sjofarsakrings Akt Vega (1902) 2 KB 384 The Adriatic (1931) P 241Sayers v International Drilling Co NV (1971) 3 All ER 163 Rossano v Manufactures Life Assurance Co (1963) 2 QB 352 Coast Lines Ltd v Hudig and Veder Chartering (1972) 2 QB 34 Vita Food Products Inc v Unus Shipping Co Ltd (1939) AC 277 The Iran Vojdan (1984) 2 Ll Rep 380 The Mariannina (1983) 1 Ll Rep 12 De Dampierre v De Dampierre (1987) 2 All. E. R. 1 (d)Torts Briggs, What Did Boys v Chaplin Decide? , (1983) 12 Anglo-Amer L Rev 237. Carter, Torts in English Private International Law, (1981) 52 BYIL 9. Fawcett, Policy Considerations in Tort Choice of Law, (1984) 47 MLR 650.Jaffey, Choice of Law inTort A Justice-Based Approach, (1982) 2 LS 98. Karsten, Chaplin v Boys Another Analysis, (1970) 19 ICLQ 35. Kahn-Freund, Delictual Liability and the Conflict of Laws, (1968) II Recueil des Cours, 5. Law Commission on the job(p) Paper No 87, Choice of Law in Tort (1984). Lasok and Stone, Conflict of Laws in European Community (1987) Abingdon, Professional Books, Chapter 9. McGregor, The International Accident problem, (1907) 33 MLR 1. Morris, Torts in the Conflicts of Laws, (1949) 12 MLR 248 The Proper Law of a Tort (1951) 64 Harv L Rev 881.Morse, Torts in Private International Law (1978) Amsterdam, North-Holland Publishing Co. North, Contract as a Tort Defence in the Conflict of Laws, (1977) 26 ICLQ 914. Clarence Smith, Torts and the Conflict of Laws, (1957) 20 MLR 447. The Halley (1868) LR 2 PC 193 Phillips v Eyre (1870) LR 6 QB 1 Machado V Fontes (1897) 2 QB 231 Mclean v Pettigrew (1945) 2 DLR 65 Mackinnon v Iberia Shipping Company (1954) 2 Ll 372 Babcock v Jackson 12 NY 2d 473 Reich v Purcell 432 P 2d 727 Chaplin v Boys (1971) AC 356 Church of Scientology of California v Metropolitan Police Commr (1976) 120 Sol Jo 690 Coupland v Arabian Gulf Petroleum Co. 1983) 2 All E. R. 434 (e)Succession Re Annesley (1926) Ch 692 Re Ross (1930) 1 Ch 377 Re Cunnington (1924) 1 Ch 68 Re Fergussons Will (1902) 1 Ch 483 Re Price (1900) 1 Ch 442 Re Lewals Settlement Trust (1918) 2 Ch 391 Re Fulds Estate (No 3) (1968) P 675 Re Schnapper (1928) Ch 420 Re Hellmans Will (1866) LR 2 Eq. 363 Re Martin (1900) P 211 Re Miller (1914) 1 Ch 511 Phillip- Stow v IRC (1961) AC 727 Re Collens (1986) Ch 505 Re O Keefe (1940) Ch 124 Law of Succession Act, section 16 (f) Transfer of Property Inter Vivos Davis, Conditional Sales and Chattel Mortgages in the Conflict of Law, (1964) 13 ICLQ 53.Winkworth v Christie, Manson & Woods Ltd (1980) Ch 496 Adams v Clutterbuck (1883) 10 QBD 403 Re Smith (1916) 2 Ch 206 Bank of Africa Ltd v Cohen (1909) 2 Ch 129 Bank voor Handel en Scheepvart NV v Slatford (1953) 1 QB 248 Hardwick Game Farm v Suffolk Agricultural and Poultry Producers Association (1966) 1 All ER 306 RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF FOREIGN JUDGEMENTS Morris, Ch. 9 Cheshire Ch. 15 Collier Ch. 8 Dicey, Ch. 14 Anton, Ch. 26 . 1. Recognition /Enforcement 2. Enforcement of Judgements in personam a) Action of judgement at Common Law Grant v Easton (1883) 13 Ch. D. 302 (GA) (b)Registration under ruleForeign Judgements Reciprocal Enforcement Act (Cap 43) Trepca Mines (1960) 1 W. L. R. 1273 at 1282 Rossano v Manufacturers Life Ins. Co. (1963) 2 Q. B. 352 Sidmetal v colossus (1966) 1 Q. B. 828 Black-Clawson v Papierwerke (1975) A. C. 591. 3. Jurisdiction of Foreign Court Buchanan v Rucker (1808) 9 East 193 Sirdar Gurdyal Singh v genus Raja of Faridkote (189 4) A. C. 670 Emanuel v Symon (1908) 1 K. B. 302, 309. (a)Presence or Residence at time of service of process Carrick v autograph (1895) 12 T. L. R. 59 Blohn v Desser (1962) 2 Q. B. 116 1933 Act s. 4 (2) (a) (iv). b) Residence of companiesLittauer Glove Co. v F. W. Millington (1928) 44 T. L. R. 746 Sfier v National Ins. Co. of N. Z. (1964) 1 L1. R. 330 Vogel v Kohnstamm Ltd. (1973) Q. B. 133 Adams v Cape Industries (1990) 2 W. L. R. 657. (c)Submission to Foreign Courts i) As complainant Schibsby v Westenholtz (1870) L. R. 6 Q. B. 155, 161, or as counterclaimant Cap 43s. 4 (2) (a) (ii). ii) Contract of Agreement to Submit Feyerick v Hubbard (1902) 71 L. J. K. B. 509 Cap 43 s. 4 (2) (a) (iii) Copin v Adamson (1874) L. R. 9 Ex. 345 Emanuel v Symon Blohn v Desser Vogel v Kohnstamn. iii) As defendant pleading to the merits Cap 43 s. (2) (a) (iii) Copin v Adamson (1874) L. R. 9 Ex. 345 Emanuel v Symon Blohn v Desser Vogel v Kohnstamn. (d)Office or Place of Business Cap 43 s. 4 (1) (e) Ita lframe Ltd vs Mediterranean Shipping Co (1986) KLR 54 Gathuna v African Orthodox Church of Kenya (1982) KLR 356 4. Defence when Foreign Court has Jurisdiction d. (a)Fraud Ochsenbein v Papelier (1893) L. R. 8 Ch. App. 695 Abouloff v Oppenheimer (1882) 10 Q. B. D. 310 Syal v Heyward (1948) 2 K. B. 443 Jet Holdings v Patel (1990) Q. B. 335 House of Spring Gardens v Waite (1990) 3 W. L. R. 347 Cap 43 s. 10(1) (h) . (b)Natural JusticePrice v Dewhurst (1837) 8 Sim. 279 Scarpetta v Lowenfield (1911) 27 T. L. R. 424 Jacobson v Franchon (1927) 138 L. T. 386 Gray v Formosa (1963) P. 259 Lepre v Lepre (1965) P. 52 Adams v Cape Industries (1990) 2 W. L. R. 657 Cap 43 s. 10 (1) (g) c) Public Policy Re Macartney (1921) 1 Ch. 522 Armitage v Nanchen (1983) 4 F. L. R. 293 Phrantzes v Argenti (1960) 2 Q. B. 19 Mayo-Perrot v M-P (1958) Ir. R 336. Cap 43. 4 (1) (a) (v). Israel Discount Bank of N. Y. v Hadjipateras (1983) 3 All E. R. 129. Vervaeke v Smith (1983) 1 A. C. 145 Cap 43 s. 10 (1) (n) 5. Requi rements for and Method of Enforcement a)Must be final and conclusive Nouvion v Freeman (1889) 15 App. Cas 1 Colt Industries v Sarlie (No. 2) (1966) 1 W. L. R. 1287 Berliner Indusrie Bank v Jost (1971) 2 Q. B. 463 Cap 43 s. 3 (2) (b) (b)Must be for debt or fixed sum Sadler v Robins (1808) 1 Camp. 253. Harrop v H. (1920) 3 K. B. 386 Beatty v B (1924) 1 K. B. 807 Cap 43 s. 3 (2) (a) (c)Must not be for taxes or a penalty Huntington v Attril (1893) A. C. one hundred fifty Raulin v Fischer (1911) 2 K. B. 93 Schemmer v Property Resources (1975) Ch. 273 SA Consortium v Sun and Sand (1978) Q. B. 279 U. S. A. v Inkley (1989) Q. B. 255 Cap 43 s. 3 (3) (a)